A Journey Back: Unveiling the Origins of the 5904
Smith & Wesson, a name synonymous with American firearms manufacturing, has a rich and storied history. From its early days crafting revolvers to its evolution into a leading producer of both revolvers and semi-automatic pistols, the company has consistently delivered innovative and reliable firearms to both civilian and law enforcement markets. Among the many notable models to emerge from the Smith & Wesson production lines is the 5904, a pistol that has earned a reputation for its dependability and straightforward design. This article delves into the history, features, performance, and lasting legacy of the Smith & Wesson 5904, offering a comprehensive look at this classic 9mm pistol.
The 3rd Generation Evolution
The Smith & Wesson 5904 wasn’t just born; it was a product of evolution. It arose from the 3rd Generation of Smith & Wesson semi-automatic pistols, a series that marked a significant leap forward for the company. This generation embraced several key advancements, building upon the successes of earlier models while incorporating refinements in both design and manufacturing. The goal was to create a line of handguns that were inherently reliable, easy to handle, and ideally suited for a variety of roles.
Design Philosophy and Material Choices
The 3rd Generation pistols, including the 5904, represented a departure from the all-steel designs of the past. Instead, the 5904 embraced an aluminum alloy frame, which reduced the overall weight of the pistol without compromising durability or structural integrity. This made the 5904 easier to carry and handle, a critical advantage for both law enforcement and civilian concealed carry.
Engineering and Refinement
The Smith & Wesson engineers took cues from their previous successful models, further refining their design philosophy. They understood the importance of a pistol that would be easy to operate, safe, and consistently deliver. This led to the inclusion of features like a double-action/single-action (DA/SA) trigger, which allowed for a safe carry mode (DA first shot) and a lighter, crisper trigger pull for subsequent shots (SA).
Production and Market Entry
The initial production of the 5904 began in the late eighties and continued well into the nineties. Its design quickly caught the attention of law enforcement agencies as well as civilian shooters seeking a reliable 9mm handgun. The 5904 was a direct answer to the evolving requirements of the police force and a solid choice for personal defense. The 5904 found a niche in the market and cemented its place as a popular choice in various arenas.
Examining the Elements: Features and Specifications of the Smith & Wesson 5904
The Smith & Wesson 5904 is more than just a collection of parts; it’s a well-engineered machine, designed to perform reliably and accurately. A close examination of its key features reveals the thought and care that went into its creation.
Frame, Slide, and Finish
The frame, as mentioned earlier, is crafted from a durable aluminum alloy. This choice of material significantly reduces the pistol’s weight compared to all-steel designs, a characteristic that enhances its portability. The slide, however, is constructed from carbon steel, ensuring the slide is robust enough to withstand the intense pressures of firing and wear over time. The construction represents an intelligent balance between weight and durability.
Ergonomics and Appearance
The 5904 generally incorporates a matte black finish, providing a degree of protection against corrosion and creating a professional appearance. Its ergonomic design is another key strength, with a grip that fits comfortably in most hands. The grip’s contours and textured surface contribute to secure handling, even in adverse conditions.
Caliber, Capacity, and Reliability
The pistol is chambered in the widely used 9mm Luger cartridge. This popular caliber offers a good balance of stopping power, manageable recoil, and ammunition availability. The 5904 typically utilizes magazines with a generous capacity, allowing for a substantial number of rounds. The high-capacity magazine, combined with the pistol’s inherent reliability, made it a solid choice for both self-defense and duty carry.
Operating System and Safety
The operating mechanism of the 5904 is a core component of its functionality. It features a DA/SA trigger system. The first shot requires a double-action pull, which both cocks and releases the hammer. Subsequent shots can be fired in single-action mode, which features a significantly lighter and crisper trigger pull. This design allows for a safe “hammer down” carry, while still providing the benefit of a light trigger for the follow-up shots. The 5904 also has a de-cocker, allowing the user to safely lower the hammer for a safe, hammer-down carry.
Sighting and Specifications
The standard sighting system typically includes fixed sights. These sights, although simple, are effective for quick target acquisition. They are easy to see in most lighting conditions.
Specific specifications further define the 5904. The overall length is relatively compact, making it manageable for concealed carry. The barrel length provides a good balance between accuracy and concealability. The weight, while heavier than some modern polymer-framed pistols, is still acceptable for a duty-sized handgun, thanks to the aluminum alloy frame. The trigger pull weight varies depending on the action type (DA or SA), with the SA pull being notably lighter.
On the Firing Line: Performance and Handling Analysis
The true test of any firearm lies in its performance. The Smith & Wesson 5904 has proven itself to be a reliable and accurate pistol, a factor that has contributed to its enduring popularity.
Accuracy Capabilities
The 5904 generally exhibits good accuracy. With a steady hand and proper ammunition, the pistol can achieve tight groupings at typical combat ranges. The fixed sights, though simple, are effective for quick target acquisition. Proper trigger control is essential for maximizing accuracy, particularly with the DA pull.
Reliability and Durability
Reliability is perhaps the 5904’s most significant strength. The pistol is known for its consistent feeding, extraction, and ejection, even under demanding conditions. The design is relatively simple, which enhances its durability and reduces the likelihood of mechanical failures. It has the reputation of being able to cycle a wide variety of ammunition.
Recoil Management and Ergonomics
Recoil management is a key element of a positive shooting experience. The 5904, thanks to its metal frame and design, has manageable recoil, making it comfortable to shoot for extended periods. The ergonomics of the grip further contribute to its shootability, allowing the shooter to maintain a firm hold.
Handling and User Experience
The 5904’s handling characteristics are generally positive. The controls are intuitively placed and easy to manipulate, and the pistol is easy to field strip and maintain, a factor that appeals to both law enforcement and civilian users. Its overall balance and pointability add to the positive experience.
Comparison to Other Pistols
Comparing the 5904 to some other 9mm semi-automatic pistols highlights its strengths. While it may not have the same capacity or features as some modern designs, the 5904 remains competitive due to its reliability, ease of use, and robust construction.
Variations and the Aftermarket
While the core design of the Smith & Wesson 5904 remained consistent, some variations and modifications were occasionally available. Different finishes were sometimes offered, and special edition models were released on certain occasions. These variations enhance the pistol’s appeal and can be a point of interest for collectors.
Aftermarket Support and Customization
The aftermarket support for the 5904, while not as extensive as for more popular models, has provided accessories that enhance its usability. Grips, sights, and magazine upgrades are available, allowing owners to customize their pistols to suit their individual needs and preferences. Holsters designed specifically for the 5904 have been available to serve both concealed carry and open carry situations.
Legacy and Influence: The Smith & Wesson 5904 in Context
The Smith & Wesson 5904 has earned its place in the history of firearms. It was one of the first of the company’s highly successful 3rd generation pistols. The 5904 saw use in numerous police departments and security details, as well as being a popular choice for civilian personal defense. Its features and reliability helped to define a generation of handguns.
Collector’s Value and Interest
Collectors value the 5904 for its quality construction, historical significance, and overall reliability. The value can vary depending on condition and scarcity, with certain variations being particularly sought after.
Impact on Firearm Evolution
The 5904’s influence extends beyond its production run. It was instrumental in shaping the future of Smith & Wesson pistols. The design contributed to the development of other models, and many features became staples of the company’s later offerings. It is remembered as a reliable and effective handgun. The success of the 5904 helped establish Smith & Wesson’s position as a leading player in the world of semi-automatic handguns.
The Advantages and Drawbacks: A Balanced Assessment
The Smith & Wesson 5904 offers a number of key advantages. Its reliability is a primary selling point. The accuracy and ease of use are other key benefits. The robust construction ensures a long service life, and its classic design appeals to a certain segment of the market. The price point, particularly on the used market, can be attractive.
Disadvantages to Consider
However, the 5904 also has certain drawbacks. Its design is, by modern standards, somewhat dated. The weight is slightly heavier than some polymer-framed pistols. Finding replacement parts can be difficult, as the gun has been out of production for many years. Its magazine capacity may be less than that of some more recent models.
Conclusion: Final Thoughts on the Smith & Wesson 5904
The Smith & Wesson 5904 remains a testament to the engineering and design philosophy that made Smith & Wesson a respected name in the firearms industry. The 5904 is a dependable 9mm pistol. It remains a solid choice for those seeking a reliable handgun. Its strengths lie in its robust construction, reliability, and user-friendly design. It is a classic choice, and if you appreciate the style and feel of a quality-built pistol, the 5904 is worth consideration.
References
Smith & Wesson official website (Historical Information)
Various gun forum discussions and reviews.
GunBroker.com (For Market Information)
Books on Smith & Wesson Pistols.
